{
  "schema_version": "1.1",
  "document": {
    "temp_id": "d1",
    "title": "Witr as Wajib: The Hanafi Position",
    "subtitle": "Sample entry — demonstration data",
    "document_type": "article",
    "publisher": "Islamic Academy (sample data)",
    "publication_date": "2026",
    "language": "en",
    "summary": "A short sample article setting out the Hanafi argument that Witr is wajib and is prayed as three rak'at with a single closing salam. It relies on the hadiths describing Witr as a 'duty' (haqq), on 'A'ishah's description of the Prophet's night prayer ending with three rak'at, and on al-Marghinani's statement of the school's position in al-Hidayah.",
    "keywords": [
      "witr",
      "wajib",
      "Hanafi fiqh",
      "three rak'at"
    ],
    "rights": {
      "status": "permitted",
      "notes": "Written for the repository as demonstration content."
    }
  },
  "content_blocks": [
    {
      "temp_id": "b1",
      "order": 1,
      "block_type": "paragraph",
      "text": "In the Hanafi school an act may be wajib — binding, though established by evidence that falls short of the certainty required for fard. Abu Hanifa placed Witr in this category."
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "b2",
      "order": 2,
      "block_type": "excerpt",
      "text": "الوتر واجب عند أبي حنيفة رحمه الله، وقالا: سنة",
      "language": "ar",
      "direction": "rtl",
      "is_verbatim_excerpt": true
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "b3",
      "order": 3,
      "block_type": "paragraph",
      "text": "The school cites reports in which the Prophet ﷺ calls Witr a duty (haqq) (Abu Dawud, nos. 1419 and 1422), and 'A'ishah's description of a night prayer ending with three rak'at (al-Bukhari, no. 1147), which it reads as the form of Witr."
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    {
      "temp_id": "t0",
      "title": "Witr prayer",
      "slug_suggestion": "witr-prayer",
      "title_arabic": "صلاة الوتر",
      "aliases": [
        "Witr",
        "Salat al-Witr"
      ],
      "category": "Fiqh > Prayer (Salah)",
      "keywords": [
        "witr",
        "night prayer"
      ],
      "description": "The Witr prayer, the odd-numbered prayer that closes the night prayer: its ruling, number of rak'at, time and manner.",
      "identification": "explicit"
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "t1",
      "title": "Ruling on Witr",
      "slug_suggestion": "witr-ruling",
      "proposition": "Witr is obligatory (wajib).",
      "keywords": [
        "witr",
        "wajib"
      ],
      "identification": "explicit",
      "position": "supporting",
      "position_explanation": "The article argues that Witr is wajib, following Abu Hanifa.",
      "qualifications": [
        "'Wajib' is used in the Hanafi technical sense — binding but below fard; denying it is not disbelief.",
        "Abu Yusuf and Muhammad al-Shaybani held it to be a sunnah."
      ],
      "confidence": "high",
      "parent": "t0",
      "aliases": [
        "Is Witr wajib",
        "Obligation of the Witr prayer"
      ],
      "transliterations": [
        "hukm salat al-witr"
      ],
      "title_arabic": "حكم صلاة الوتر"
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "t2",
      "title": "Number of rak'at in Witr",
      "slug_suggestion": "witr-rakat",
      "proposition": "Witr may validly be prayed as a single rak'ah.",
      "keywords": [
        "witr",
        "rak'ah"
      ],
      "identification": "explicit",
      "position": "opposing",
      "position_explanation": "The article holds that Witr is three rak'at with one salam and that a single rak'ah does not suffice.",
      "qualifications": [],
      "confidence": "high",
      "parent": "t0",
      "aliases": [
        "Single-rak'ah Witr",
        "Praying Witr as a single rak'ah"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "people": [
    {
      "temp_id": "p1",
      "name": "Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani",
      "name_arabic": "برهان الدين المرغيناني",
      "aliases": [
        "al-Marghinani"
      ],
      "citation_name": "al-Marghinani, B.",
      "death_year_ah": 593,
      "death_year_ce": 1197,
      "madhhab": "Hanafi",
      "person_type": "scholar",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "quoted"
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "p2",
      "name": "Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man ibn Thabit",
      "aliases": [
        "Abu Hanifa"
      ],
      "death_year_ah": 150,
      "death_year_ce": 767,
      "madhhab": "Hanafi",
      "person_type": "scholar",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "position_reported"
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "p3",
      "name": "Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn al-Ash'ath al-Sijistani",
      "aliases": [
        "Abu Dawud"
      ],
      "death_year_ah": 275,
      "person_type": "scholar",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "compiler"
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "p4",
      "name": "Buraydah ibn al-Husayb",
      "aliases": [
        "Buraydah"
      ],
      "person_type": "companion",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "narrator"
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "p5",
      "name": "Abu Ayyub al-Ansari",
      "aliases": [
        "Abu Ayyub"
      ],
      "person_type": "companion",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "narrator"
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "p6",
      "name": "'A'ishah bint Abi Bakr",
      "aliases": [
        "Aisha",
        "'A'ishah"
      ],
      "death_year_ah": 58,
      "person_type": "companion",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "narrator"
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "p7",
      "name": "Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari",
      "aliases": [
        "al-Bukhari"
      ],
      "death_year_ah": 256,
      "person_type": "scholar",
      "roles_in_document": [
        "compiler"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "works": [
    {
      "temp_id": "w1",
      "title": "al-Hidayah fi Sharh Bidayat al-Mubtadi",
      "title_arabic": "الهداية في شرح بداية المبتدي",
      "alt_titles": [
        "al-Hidayah"
      ],
      "work_type": "fiqh_manual",
      "contributors": [
        {
          "person": "p1",
          "role": "author"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "w2",
      "title": "Sunan Abi Dawud",
      "alt_titles": [
        "Sunan Abu Dawud"
      ],
      "work_type": "hadith_collection",
      "contributors": [
        {
          "person": "p3",
          "role": "compiler"
        }
      ],
      "numbering_system": "sunnah.com"
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "w3",
      "title": "Sahih al-Bukhari",
      "work_type": "hadith_collection",
      "contributors": [
        {
          "person": "p7",
          "role": "compiler"
        }
      ],
      "numbering_system": "sunnah.com"
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "temp_id": "c1",
      "work": "w1",
      "original_reference": "al-Marghinani, al-Hidayah, Kitab al-Salah, Bab Salat al-Witr",
      "chapter": "Kitab al-Salah",
      "section": "Bab Salat al-Witr",
      "block": "b2"
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "c2",
      "work": "w2",
      "original_reference": "Abu Dawud, Sunan, Kitab al-Witr, no. 1419",
      "chapter": "Kitab al-Witr",
      "hadith_number": "1419",
      "block": "b3"
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "c3",
      "work": "w2",
      "original_reference": "Abu Dawud, Sunan, Kitab al-Witr, no. 1422",
      "chapter": "Kitab al-Witr",
      "hadith_number": "1422",
      "block": "b3"
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "c4",
      "work": "w3",
      "original_reference": "al-Bukhari, Sahih, Kitab al-Tahajjud, no. 1147",
      "chapter": "Kitab al-Tahajjud",
      "hadith_number": "1147",
      "block": "b3"
    }
  ],
  "quotes": [
    {
      "temp_id": "q1",
      "speaker": "p1",
      "text": "Witr is obligatory (wajib) according to Abu Hanifa, while the two [Abu Yusuf and Muhammad] said: it is a sunnah.",
      "text_original": "الوتر واجب عند أبي حنيفة رحمه الله، وقالا: سنة",
      "original_language": "ar",
      "translation_language": "en",
      "quote_type": "direct",
      "work": "w1",
      "citation": "c1",
      "block": "b2",
      "topics": [
        "t1"
      ],
      "speaker_positions": [
        {
          "topic": "t1",
          "position": "supporting"
        }
      ],
      "usage": [
        {
          "topic": "t1",
          "used_for": "supporting",
          "how_used": "Establishes Abu Hanifa's position as the school's authoritative view."
        }
      ],
      "origin": "source_document",
      "context": {
        "subject": "The opening of al-Marghinani's chapter on Witr in al-Hidayah, stating the positions within the Hanafi school before giving the evidence.",
        "relevance": "direct",
        "statement_type": "report_of_others",
        "surrounding_text": "الوتر واجب عند أبي حنيفة رحمه الله، وقالا: سنة",
        "note": "The chapter goes on to argue for Abu Hanifa's view, which is why his own position is recorded as supporting."
      }
    }
  ],
  "hadiths": [
    {
      "temp_id": "h1",
      "collection": "w2",
      "hadith_number": "1419",
      "numbering_system": "sunnah.com",
      "book_name": "Kitab al-Witr",
      "narrators": [
        {
          "person": "p4",
          "role": "companion"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Witr is a duty (haqq); whoever does not observe Witr is not of us.",
      "text_is_excerpt": true,
      "topics": [
        "t1"
      ],
      "citation": "c2",
      "how_used": "The word 'duty' (haqq) is read as indicating obligation."
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "h2",
      "collection": "w2",
      "hadith_number": "1422",
      "numbering_system": "sunnah.com",
      "book_name": "Kitab al-Witr",
      "narrators": [
        {
          "person": "p5",
          "role": "companion"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Witr is a duty (haqq) upon every Muslim; whoever wishes to pray five, let him do so; whoever wishes to pray three, let him do so; and whoever wishes to pray one, let him do so.",
      "text_is_excerpt": true,
      "topics": [
        "t1",
        "t2"
      ],
      "citation": "c3",
      "how_used": "Cited for the word 'duty' (haqq)."
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "h3",
      "collection": "w3",
      "hadith_number": "1147",
      "numbering_system": "sunnah.com",
      "book_name": "Kitab al-Tahajjud",
      "narrators": [
        {
          "person": "p6",
          "role": "companion"
        }
      ],
      "text": "He would pray four — do not ask about their beauty and length — then four …, then he would pray three.",
      "text_is_excerpt": true,
      "topics": [
        "t2"
      ],
      "citation": "c4",
      "how_used": "Read as describing Witr as three rak'at."
    }
  ],
  "claims": [
    {
      "temp_id": "cl1",
      "topic": "t1",
      "statement": "The Prophet ﷺ called Witr a duty (haqq), which indicates that it is binding.",
      "position": "supporting",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "type": "hadith",
          "ref": "h1"
        },
        {
          "type": "hadith",
          "ref": "h2"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "temp_id": "cl2",
      "topic": "t2",
      "statement": "The Prophet's Witr was three rak'at.",
      "position": "opposing",
      "evidence": [
        {
          "type": "hadith",
          "ref": "h3"
        },
        {
          "type": "reasoning",
          "note": "The school reads the final three as a single Witr prayer."
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "review_flags": [
    {
      "target": "h1",
      "field": "gradings",
      "severity": "info",
      "message": "The source gives no authenticity grading for Abu Dawud 1419; none was recorded."
    },
    {
      "target": "h2",
      "field": "how_used",
      "severity": "info",
      "message": "The same report also mentions a one-rak'ah Witr; the article does not address this."
    },
    {
      "target": "p2",
      "field": "quote",
      "severity": "info",
      "message": "Sample data: Abu Hanifa's view is recorded through al-Marghinani's report; no direct quotation of Abu Hanifa is added."
    },
    {
      "target": "h1",
      "field": "counter_evidence",
      "severity": "info",
      "message": "Sample data: the majority's assessment of this report as evidence for obligation (including its grading) has not yet been researched."
    },
    {
      "target": "h2",
      "field": "counter_evidence",
      "severity": "info",
      "message": "Sample data: the majority's assessment of this report as evidence for obligation (including its grading) has not yet been researched."
    },
    {
      "target": "h3",
      "field": "counter_evidence",
      "severity": "info",
      "message": "Sample data: the majority's reading of this report has not yet been researched."
    }
  ],
  "evidence_assessments": [],
  "source_inventory": [
    {
      "mention": "Abu Hanifa placed Witr in this category",
      "kind": "scholar",
      "recorded_as": [
        "p2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "mention": "الوتر واجب عند أبي حنيفة رحمه الله، وقالا: سنة",
      "kind": "book",
      "recorded_as": [
        "q1",
        "w1",
        "c1",
        "p1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "mention": "Abu Dawud, nos. 1419",
      "kind": "hadith",
      "recorded_as": [
        "h1",
        "c2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "mention": "Abu Dawud, nos. 1422",
      "kind": "hadith",
      "recorded_as": [
        "h2",
        "c3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "mention": "'A'ishah's description of a night prayer ending with three rak'at (al-Bukhari, no. 1147)",
      "kind": "hadith",
      "recorded_as": [
        "h3",
        "c4",
        "p6"
      ]
    }
  ]
}